Fourier Intelligence GR-2
Open-source humanoid with 53 DOF and the most dexterous hands in research robotics
Open-source humanoids with rehabilitation roots and 53 degrees of freedom
Fourier Intelligence was founded in 2015 in Shanghai, China, and built its reputation on exoskeleton rehabilitation devices before pivoting to general-purpose humanoid robots. This medical background gives Fourier a unique advantage in biomechanically accurate joint design and force/torque sensing. The GR-2 humanoid features 53 total degrees of freedom — including 12 DOF per hand — more than any competing platform. The OpenLoong open-source software stack, contributed to by Shanghai's AI industry consortium, gives GR-2 the best developer ecosystem among Chinese humanoids. With Intel RealSense depth cameras, 6-axis force/torque sensors, and full ROS2 support, GR-2 is positioned as one of the most research-friendly premium humanoids, available through enterprise programs at around $150,000.
Open-source humanoid with 53 DOF and the most dexterous hands in research robotics