Fourier Intelligence GR-2
Open-source research humanoid with 53 DOF and 12-DOF dexterous hands
Overview
Fourier Intelligence GR-2 is a Shanghai-based humanoid robot that stands out for one remarkable specification: 53 total degrees of freedom, including 12 DOF per hand — among the most of any open-source research humanoid. Built on the OpenLoong open-source stack, GR-2 offers full ROS2 integration and a growing research community. Fourier Intelligence brings a background in rehabilitation robotics (exoskeletons), which shows in the biomechanically accurate joint designs and force/torque sensor integration. At ~$150,000 through enterprise programs, GR-2 is one of the most dexterous open-source research humanoids available, provided the 1-hour battery limitation and limited commercial availability can be managed.
Score Breakdown
Available skills 1
Technical Specifications
Pros & Cons
Strengths
- 53 total degrees of freedom including 12 DOF per hand — among the most dexterous open-source research humanoids
- OpenLoong open-source software stack — full ROS2 ecosystem with active community
- Intel RealSense depth cameras and 6-axis force/torque sensors throughout
- Strong hand dexterity (12 DOF/hand) for a research humanoid at this price tier
- Strong academic credentials with rehabilitation robotics background (exoskeletons)
Weaknesses
- Battery life of ~1 hour is the shortest of any humanoid in this class
- Low hand payload (3 kg) despite high DOF count
- Smaller international support network compared to US and top-tier Chinese competitors
- Walking speed comparable to competitors but terrain adaptability lags Atlas-class robots
